Colour Doppler and biomarkers utility for renal damage due to congenital hydronephrosis

Objective: To determine colour doppler and serum biomarkers spectrum in children with congenital hydronephrosis

Study Design: An observational study

Place and Duration Of Study: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, West China 2nd University Hospital of Sichuan University and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Disease of Women and Children [Sichuan University], China, from January to December 2017

Methodology: A total of 95 children with hydronephrosis were selected as case group. According to the degree of hydronephrosis, the patients were divided into mild hydronephrosis group, moderate hydronephrosis group, and severe hydronephrosis group. Forty children with normal renal function were selected as normal comparison group. Peak systolic velocity [Vmax], end diastolic velocity [Vmin], resistance index [RI], pulsatility index [PI], and serum cystatin C [CysC], beta2-microglobulin [beta2-MG], and ?1-microglobulin [beta1-MG] of all subjects in both groups were recorded and compared

Results: The Vmax, Vmax of main renal artery [MRA] and interlobar renal artery [IRA] in case group were lower than those of normal group [all p<0.001]. RI of MRA and IRA in case group were higher than those of normal control group [both p<0.001]. There were no significant differences in the PI of MRA and IRA between the two groups [p=0.700, and 0.250 respectively]. The levels of serum CysC, beta2-MG and alpha1-MG in normal control group, mild hydronephrosis group, moderate hydronephrosis group, and severe hydronephrosis group were significantly different [all p<0.001], and the levels of serum CysC, beta2-MG, alpha1-MG were also different in children with different degrees of hydronephrosis

Conclusion: Combined detection of colour doppler and serum biomarkers CysC, beta2-MG and alpha1-MG in the diagnosis of renal damage in congenital hydronephrosis is feasible and reliable

An analysis on the expression level and influencing factors of CD4 +CD25 + regulatory cells among male drug -abusers with syphilis / 预防医学

Objective To explore the expression level and influencing factors of CD4 +CD25 + regulatory cells(Treg)among male drug -abusers with syphilis.Methods 144 male drug -abusers with syphilis,41 male drug -abusers without syphilis,35 male non -drug abuser with syphilis and 35 male healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study.Expression levels of CD4 +CD25 +Treg of them were detected.A questionnaire interview was conducted among these participants, including drug abuse duration,drug types and abuse ways.Results The levels of Treg expression of drug -abusers with syphilis were significantly higher than that of drug -abusers without syphilis and non -drug abuser with syphilis (P <0.01 ).Despite of the stage of syphilis,types of drugs and abuse way,Treg expression levels with drug abuse duration of"above 1 -year"were significantly higher than those of "1 -year or below"(P <0.01 ).Treg expression levels were positively correlated to drug abuse duration (R2 =0.672,P <0.01)among patients.Among the participants,people both with traditional and new drugs were significantly higher than that with only traditional or new drug (P <0.01).In addition, people both with injecting and non -injecting abuse were significantly higher than that with one way of drug -abuse (P <0.01).Among those with drug abuse duration of "above 1 -year",Treg levels of drug -abusers with traditional drugs and injecting abuse way were remarkably higher than that with new drug and non -injecting abuse respectively (P <0.01). Conclusion Among male drug -abusers with syphilis,suppression of cellular immune function resulting from increased CD4 +CD25 +regulatory T cells is related to drug abuse duration,and is also influenced by drug types and abuse ways.

Effect of cinobufacini injection on proliferation and tube-like structure formation of human lymphatic endothelial cells co-cultured with human hepatoma HepG-2 cells / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of cinobufacini injection on proliferation, migration and tube-like structure formation of human hepatoma HepG-2 cells co-cultured with human lymphatic endothelial cells. METHODS: Co-culture system of human hepatoma HepG-2 cells and human lymphatic endothelial cells is established by means of transwell chamber; cell growth curve is used to observe the effect of cinobufacini injection on the proliferation of HLEC co-cultured with HepG-2 cells; migration assay is used to observe the effect of cinobufacini injection on the migration of HLEC co-cultured with HepG-2; matrigel assay is used to observe the effect of cinobufacini injection on the tube-like structure formation of HLEC co-cultured with HepG-2 cells. RESULTS: Cinobufacini injection significantly inhibits proliferation(P < 0.05), migration (P < 0.05) and tube-like structure formation (P < 0.05) of HLEC co-cultured with HepG-2 cells in dose dependent ways. CONCLUSION: Cinobufacini injection inhibits proliferation, migration and tube-like structure formation of HLEC co-cultured with HepG-2 cells, which might contribute the inhibiting mechanisms of cinobufacini injection on tumor metastasis.

Changes of left ventricular remodeling in hypertension patients with carotid atherosclerosis of phlegm-dampness syndrome / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study changes of left ventricular remodeling (LVR) in hypertension patients with carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) of phlegm-dampness syndrome (PDS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Doppler ultrasonography data of CAS were observed in 223 hypertension patients with CAS (as the hypertension group, including 119 patients of the PDS group and 104 of the non-PDS group), 81 CAS patients with non-hypertension, and 19 non-hypertension non-CAS patients (as the control group). The difference in the degree of LVR was compared among the above groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), inter ventricular septum thickness (IVS), E/A were higher in the hypertension group than in the non-hypertension group (P < 0.05). The left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), stroke volume (SV) were higher in the soft plaque hypertension group and the soft plaque non-hypertension group than in the hard plaque group, the thickening intimal group, and the normal intimal group (P < 0.01 , P < 0.05). The LVEDD, LVESD, and SV were higher, and the ejection fraction (EF) was lower in the PDS hypertension group than in the non-PDS hypertension group (all P < 0.05). Of them, LVEDD, LVESD, and SV were higher in the soft plaque group than in the hard plaque group (P < 0.01), the thickening intimal group (P < 0.01) and the normal intimal group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in PDS hypertension between the soft plaque group and the hard plaque group (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The hypertension patients with CAS of PDS might be correlated to LVR, and LVR was more obviously in the soft plaque patients.</p>

Sequencing and analyses on glycoprotein gene of rabies viruses isolated in Zhejiang province,China / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective Based on sequencing the genomes of glycoprotein (GP) gene of rabies viruses isolated in Zhejiang, we analyzed the properties of rabies viruses genetic variation in molecular level, and to compare with those of other representative vaccine strains and street virus strains, get the information about rabies viruses variation. Methods Suckling mice against rabies virus were selected. Overlapped fragments were amplified by RT-PCR and full-length genomes were assembled to analyze the nucleotide and deduced protein similarities and phylogenetic analyses of the GP genes. Results The fourteen full-length genomes were completely sequenced and they had the same genetic structure with 1575 nts and deduced protein with 524 aa. Genetic analysis revealed that the nucleotide and amino acid homologies of GP gene from Zhejiang strains and other vaccine strains or street virus strains were 82.3%-99.9% and 85.1%-99.8%. The fourteen strains were genotype 1 according to the phylogenetic analyses. The GP amino acids of Zhejiang strains rabies virus strains without any recombination occurred in GP and no larger variation appeared in the major antigenic sites. Conclusion The comprehensive analysis based on the first-level structure of GP demonstrated that it was possible that some advantageous antigenic epitopes existed in certain areas and potential antigenic determinants. It was evident that the GP gene of Zhejiang strains appear to be stable and their sequence similarity with the representative strains of street virus in China were higher than those of other vaccine strains. Some differences showed in the genetic structure and evolution relationship among Zhejiang strains, other street strains in other regions and vaccine strains.

Sequencing and analysis of complete genome of rabies viruses isolated from Chinese Ferret-Badger and dog in Zhejiang province / 病毒学报

Based on sequencing the full-length genomes of four Chinese Ferret-Badger and dog, we analyze the properties of rabies viruses genetic variation in molecular level, get the information about rabies viruses prevalence and variation in Zhejiang, and enrich the genome database of rabies viruses street strains isolated from China. Rabies viruses in suckling mice were isolated, overlapped fragments were amplified by RT-PCR and full-length genomes were assembled to analyze the nucleotide and deduced protein similarities and phylogenetic analyses from Chinese Ferret-Badger, dog, sika deer, vole, used vaccine strain were determined. The four full-length genomes were sequenced completely and had the same genetic structure with the length of 11, 923 nts or 11, 925 nts including 58 nts-Leader, 1353 nts-NP, 894 nts-PP, 609 nts-MP, 1575 nts-GP, 6386 nts-LP, and 2, 5, 5 nts- intergenic regions(IGRs), 423 nts-Pseudogene-like sequence (psi), 70 nts-Trailer. The four full-length genomes were in accordance with the properties of Rhabdoviridae Lyssa virus by BLAST and multi-sequence alignment. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences among Chinese strains had the highest similarity, especially among animals of the same species. Of the four full-length genomes, the similarity in amino acid level was dramatically higher than that in nucleotide level, so the nucleotide mutations happened in these four genomes were most synonymous mutations. Compared with the reference rabies viruses, the lengths of the five protein coding regions had no change, no recombination, only with a few point mutations. It was evident that the five proteins appeared to be stable. The variation sites and types of the four genomes were similar to the reference vaccine or street strains. And the four strains were genotype 1 according to the multi-sequence and phylogenetic analyses, which possessed the distinct district characteristics of China. Therefore, these four rabies viruses are likely to be street viruses already existing in the natural world.

New animal hosts of rabies virus in mountain areas in Zhejiang province / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the prevalence of rabies among wild animals and the animal species in rabies epidemic areas of Zhejiang province. Methods One hundred and sixty samples were collected from the brain tissues of cats, stoats, Apodemus agrarius, Moschus chinensis, and Sus scrofa in Lishui and Chunan cities of Zhejiang province. Each sample was divided into four parts: cerebrum,mesencephal, cerebellum and cyrus hippocampi which were used to determine the positive samples by detection of rabies virus specific antigens and nucleotides, using DFA and RT-PCR methods. Results Positive slides in the tests contained a glaring, apple green brilliance fluorescence using rabies virus specific monoclonal antibody against nucleoprotein. Using Nested-PCR method targeted at part of N gene,five positive samples were identified which consisting of four positive samples from stoats with positive ratio as 8.33% (4/48) and one positive sample from Apodemns agrarius with positive ratio as 1.75% (1/57). However, no positive result was found from cats, Moschus chinensis, and Sus scrofa samples. Conclusion Rabies virus positive samples were identified from stoats and Apodemus agrarins in the mountain areas with biological diversity in Lishui and Chunan cities of Zhejiang province,indicating that stoats and Apodemus agrarius might have played a role in human rabies and acted as host of rabies virus. In order to effectively prevent and control rabies virus under these complicated geographical and ecological environment, we must understand and evaluate the infection situation among animals in these regions.

Complete genome sequencing and analyses of rabies viruses isolated from wild animals (Chinese Ferret-Badger) in Zhejiang province / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective Based on sequencing the full-length genomes of two Chinese Ferret-Badger, we analyzed the properties of rabies viruses genetic variation in molecular level to get information on prevalence and variation of rabies viruses in Zhejiang,and to enrich the genome database of rabies viruses street swains isolated from Chinese wildlife.Methods Overlapped fragments were amplified by RT-PCR and full-length genomes were assembled to analyze the nucleotide and deduced protein similarities and phylogenetic analyses of the N genes from Chinese Ferret-Badger,sika deer,vole,dog.Vaccine strains were then determined.Results The two full-length genomes were completely sequenced to find out that they had the same genetic structure with 11 923 nts including 58 nts-Leader, 1353 nts-NP,894 nts-PP,609 nts-MP,1575 nts-GP,6386 nts-LP, and 2,5,5 nts-intergenic regions (IORs),423 nts-Pseudogene-like sequence(ψ),70 nts-Trailer.Conclusion The two full-length genomes were in accordance with the propertms of Rhabdoviridae Lyssa virus by blast and multi-sequence alignment.Th nucleotide and amino acid sequences among Chinese strains had the highest similarity,especially among animals of the same species.Of the two full-length genomes,the similarity in amino acid level was dramatically higher than that in nucleotide level, so that the nucleotide mutations happened in these two genomes were most probably as synonymous mutations.Compared to the referenced rabies viruses,the lengths of the five protein coding regions did not show any changes or recombination,but only with a few-point mutations.It was evident that the five proteins appeared to be stable.The variation sites and types of the two ferret badgers genomes were similar to the referenced vaccine or street strains.The two strains were genotype 1 according to the multi-sequence and phyiogenetic analyses,which possessing the distinct geographyphic characteristics of China.All the evidence suggested a cue that these two ferret badgers rabies viruses were likely to be street virus that already circulating in wildlife.

Inhibitory effects of ginkgolide B on proliferation of bovine aortic smooth muscle cells / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the effects of ginkgolide B (GB) on proliferation of bovine aortic smooth muscle cells (SMC) and its related mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>After pretreating with GB or the mixture of ginkgolide A and B (GA:GB) at 37 degrees C for 0.5 h, the VSMC were treated with or without angiotensin II (Ang II) for 24 h. The proliferation of SMC was evaluated by 3H-thymidine incorporation and the cell cycle phase was measured by flow cytometry. Cytotoxicity was reflected by MTT and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity of the supernatant.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Whether or not treated with Ang II, GB and GA:GB were shown to suppress SMC proliferation in concentration-dependent fashion at concentrations ranging from 10(-9) mol.L-1 to 10(-5) mol.L-1. The inhibitory effects appeared to be related to a G1-->S block in cell cycle traverse.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The suppression of SMC proliferation by GB might not only be contributed by blockage of the PAF receptor activity.</p>